03/14/2025

Scientists Observe Fungi Creating Complex Supply Chains

An underground network of filaments
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi drive nutrient flows along ‘trunk routes’ of the network, illuminating the design principles of a symbiotic supply-chain network shaped by millions of years of natural selection. Credit: Loreto Oyarte Gálvez, VU Amsterdam
A y-shaped tunnel with orange liquid-looking stuff flowing inside it.
High-speed flows at a Y-junction inside the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. False color applied for contrast. Credit: Loreto Oyarte Gálvez, VU Amsterdam

As the leaves start to pop out, it’s natural to look up and admire the trees. But actually, there’s a lot of action happening underneath your feet. Beneath you is a complex network of fungal trade routes carrying essential nutrients to the roots of plants, mined from the soil by fungus. It’s a subterranean supply chain.

But how exactly do these complex networks form? How does the fungus decide where to ship which resources, or where to build roads? Basically, how does a brainless thread make decisions?

Host Flora Lichtman is joined by Dr. Toby Kiers, an author on a recent study of those networks, and professor of evolutionary biology at Vrije University in Amsterdam. She’s also the executive director of the Society for the Protection of Underground Networks (SPUN).


Further Reading


Sign Up For The Week In Science Newsletter

Keep up with the week’s essential science news headlines, plus stories that offer extra joy and awe.

Subscribe


Donate To Science Friday

Invest in quality science journalism by making a donation to Science Friday.

Donate

Segment Guests

Toby Kiers

Dr. Toby Kiers is a professor of Evolutionary Biology at Vrije University and executive director of the Society for the Protection of Underground Networks in Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Segment Transcript

The transcript of this segment is being processed. It will be available early next week.

Meet the Producers and Host

About Dee Peterschmidt

Dee Peterschmidt is a producer, host of the podcast Universe of Art, and composes music for Science Friday’s podcasts. Their D&D character is a clumsy bard named Chip Chap Chopman.

About Flora Lichtman

Flora Lichtman is a host of Science Friday. In a previous life, she lived on a research ship where apertivi were served on the top deck, hoisted there via pulley by the ship’s chef.

Explore More

‘Common Side Effects’ And The Race To Save Invisible Fungi

A “mycology thriller” imagines a hidden healing mushroom. In real life, scientists are searching far and wide to map the world’s unseen fungi.

Read More